Squirrel Box Plans for Safe and Cozy Homes: A Comprehensive Guide

The sight of a squirrel scampering through your backyard can be charming, but their presence can become a nuisance when they start to take up residence in your home. Squirrels are known for their relentless gnawing and can cause significant damage to your roof, attic, and walls. To prevent such unwelcome intrusions, consider providing them with a safe and cozy home of their own: a squirrel box. Building a squirrel box is a relatively straightforward task that can offer a humane solution to deter squirrels from your dwelling. This comprehensive guide will provide you with detailed plans and instructions to build a squirrel box that not only caters to their needs but also ensures the safety of your home.

Choosing the Right Location

The location of your squirrel box is paramount for its success. Selecting an appropriate spot will encourage squirrels to utilize it and discourage them from seeking shelter in your home.

Factors to Consider:

Distance from your home: Place the box at least 20 feet away from your house to prevent squirrels from making their way into your attic or walls.
Tree coverage: Choose a location with nearby trees for squirrels to easily access the box and feel secure. Ideally, the tree should have a strong, sturdy branch where the box can be securely mounted.
Height: Mount the box 6-10 feet above ground level to protect it from predators and minimize human interaction.
Sun and shade: Ensure the box receives ample sunlight during the day while providing some shade in the afternoon to prevent overheating.
Access to food and water: Locate the box near sources of natural food, such as nut-bearing trees and shrubs, or consider providing a feeder near the box.

Essential Materials and Tools

Before embarking on your squirrel box construction, gather the necessary materials and tools. This list provides a comprehensive overview of what you'll need:

Materials:

Wood: Use weather-resistant wood such as cedar, redwood, or pressure-treated pine. A 1x6 board or 1x8 board is a good option for the walls and roof.
Screws: Use galvanized screws or stainless steel screws for durability.
Nails: Use finishing nails for securing the roof and other components.
Wood glue: Use a waterproof wood glue to enhance the box's structural integrity.
Roofing shingles: Choose asphalt shingles or metal roofing for long-lasting weather protection.
Paint or stain (optional): Use a weather-resistant paint or stain to enhance the box's durability and aesthetics.
Hardware cloth: Use hardware cloth with a mesh size of 1/2 inch or smaller to create a barrier against predators and prevent squirrels from escaping through the entrance.

Tools:

Saw: Use a circular saw or handsaw to cut the wood.
Drill: Use a drill with a variety of drill bits for creating pilot holes and countersinking screws.
Screwdriver: Use a Phillips-head screwdriver to fasten screws.
Hammer: Use a hammer to drive nails.
Measuring tape: Use a measuring tape to ensure accurate dimensions.
Level: Use a level to ensure the box is installed securely and horizontally.
Safety glasses and gloves: Wear protective gear during construction.

Detailed Construction Plans

This section provides step-by-step instructions for building a squirrel box. The plans are designed to create a comfortable and safe home for squirrels, while also ensuring the box is durable and weather-resistant.

Step 1: Cut the Wood

Cut two pieces of wood for the sides of the box, each measuring 12 inches long and 6 inches wide.
Cut two pieces of wood for the front and back of the box, each measuring 12 inches long and 6 inches wide.
Cut two pieces of wood for the top and bottom of the box, each measuring 12 inches long and 6 inches wide.
Cut one piece of wood for the roof, measuring 14 inches long and 6 inches wide.
Cut two pieces of hardware cloth for the entrance, each measuring 3 inches long and 2 inches wide.

Step 2: Assemble the Box

Attach the sides to the front and back pieces using wood glue and screws. Use screws that are long enough to penetrate the wood for a strong hold.
Attach the bottom piece to the assembled sides and back piece using wood glue and screws.
Attach the top piece to the assembled box using wood glue and screws.
Attach the roof piece to the top of the box using screws.
Secure the hardware cloth to the entrance holes with screws, making sure the mesh is flush with the wood to prevent squirrels from escaping.

Step 3: Finishing Touches

Add a piece of hardware cloth to the bottom of the box to prevent predators from accessing the interior.
Paint or stain the box to enhance its durability and aesthetics. Use a weather-resistant paint or stain that is safe for wildlife.
Apply a sealant to the box to protect it from water damage.

Installation and Maintenance

Once the box is constructed, it's time to install it in its designated location and ensure its longevity through proper maintenance.

Installation:

Select a strong, sturdy branch on a nearby tree and carefully secure the box using screws or heavy-duty wire.
Ensure the box is mounted securely and horizontally to prevent it from falling or tilting.
Consider adding a perch or landing area below the entrance hole to make it easier for squirrels to access the box.

Maintenance:

Inspect the box regularly for signs of wear and tear. Replace any damaged or missing components.
Clean the box periodically to remove debris and maintain a healthy environment for squirrels.
Keep the entrance hole clear of obstructions.
If the box becomes overcrowded, consider adding a second box to accommodate the population.

Tips for Encouraging Occupancy

Once the box is installed, there are several measures you can take to attract squirrels and encourage them to make it their home.

Provide food: Place a squirrel feeder near the box with a variety of nuts, seeds, and fruits.
Provide water: Place a shallow dish of fresh water near the box.
Create a natural environment: Plant trees, shrubs, and flowers to provide squirrels with a safe and comfortable habitat.
Leave the box undisturbed: Avoid disturbing the squirrels, especially during nesting season.

Conclusion

Building a squirrel box can be a rewarding experience, offering a humane solution to deter squirrels from your home while providing them with a safe and cozy haven. By following these detailed plans and guidelines, you can create a welcoming environment for squirrels, helping to maintain a harmonious coexistence between wildlife and humans.